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SEPTEMBER 2026
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
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PRRS REVIEW
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SWINE · DIAGNOSTICS · HERD HEALTH
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SEP. 2026
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Global PRRS Update
Economic Impact and Herd Health Monitoring
Explore reported PRRS-related losses, diagnostic monitoring data and a farm outbreak from four swine-producing countries, followed by the complementary roles of antibody testing and RT-PCR.
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GLOBAL PRRS UPDATE
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SEROLOGY IN PRACTICE
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ELISA & PCR SOLUTIONS
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GLOBAL PRRS UPDATE / SEPTEMBER 2026
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UNITED STATES · ECONOMIC IMPACT
US$1.2 billion
Estimated annual PRRSV-related productivity losses
across U.S. breeding and growing herds.
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Source · Osemeke et al. · Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2025 · 244:106627.
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China · Herd status and production
A study of 23 breeding farms in one corporate group in Hubei combined ELISA and qRT-PCR monitoring with production and cost data during 2021–2023. Modeled outbreak losses varied according to the herd’s status before the outbreak.
Source · Zhao et al. · Animal Diseases, 2024 · 4:47 · Outbreak-loss model.
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Vietnam · Local PCR monitoring data
An IPVS 2026 conference abstract reported 594 PCR-positive results among 2,836 diagnostic samples collected during 2014–2025. The authors highlighted continued molecular monitoring and nursery herd health management.
Source · Pham et al. · IPVS 2026 proceedings · HHM–OR0519, p. 184
Author-uploaded abstract, July 2026.
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South Korea · Reproductive losses at one farm
During a May 2023 outbreak associated with NADC34-like PRRSV at one sow farm, 411 of 1,990 sows aborted (20.7%) and 181 died (9.1%) in the first six weeks.
Source · Kim et al. · Porcine Health Management, 2025 · 11:58 · Clinical and production impact: Farm A.
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Study scope: U.S.—2016–2020 data; China—23 farms; Vietnam—diagnostic submissions; Korea—one farm.
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SEROLOGY & MOLECULAR TESTING
Why use serology and RT-PCR together?
Serology detects antibodies; RT-PCR detects viral RNA. WOAH advises supplementing clinical surveillance with both serological and virological surveillance.
Source · WOAH Terrestrial Code, 2024 · Article 15.3.15: Surveillance strategies, point 2 (Clinical surveillance).
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Assess herd serological status
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Monitor changes in herd status
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Combine serology with PCR
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Interpreting test results
Does a negative antibody result rule out infection?
Antibodies may be undetectable early in infection. Consider sampling time and clinical signs, and discuss repeat testing or PCR with the herd veterinarian.
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Does a positive result mean current infection?
Vaccination or maternally derived antibodies can cause a positive result. Antibody positivity alone does not confirm current infection.
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Why add RT-PCR testing?
RT-PCR detects viral RNA and can help investigate suspected PRRS, including before antibodies become detectable. Interpret results with sampling time and clinical findings.
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Source · WOAH Terrestrial Manual, 2021 · Chapter 3.9.6, B.1.2: RNA detection methods; B.2: Serological tests
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VDPro® / PRRSV ANTIBODY
VDPro® PRRSV AB ELISA KIT
ES-PRR-01 · Indirect ELISA
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Antibody detection for PRRSV-1 (EU) and PRRSV-2 (NA)
An indirect ELISA for detecting antibodies to PRRSV-1 (European type) and PRRSV-2 (North American type) in porcine serum and plasma. The assay detects antibodies produced after infection or vaccination.
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Specimens: Porcine serum and plasma · Method: Indirect ELISA · Pack size: 480 tests/kit
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Comparative evaluation using sera from five pig farms
230 positive and 107 negative serum samples (337 in total)
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100%
PPA and NPA
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Compared with a commercial ELISA kit from Company I
Both positive and negative results showed 100% agreement in serum samples from five pig farms.
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The five-farm evaluation and the product comparison below are separate studies.
Comparison with commercial ELISA kits
Compared with the Company I ELISA kit, VDPro® PRRSV AB ELISA KIT achieved an overall percent agreement (OPA) of 97.14% (68/70), the highest among the products evaluated.
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Agreement
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Company A
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Company B
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MEDIAN
Diagnostics
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PPA
Positive percent agreement
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85.71%
(24/28)
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92.86%
(52/56)
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96.43%
(54/56)
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NPA
Negative percent agreement
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100%
(6/6)
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92.86%
(13/14)
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100%
(14/14)
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OPA
Overall percent agreement
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88.24%
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92.86%
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97.14%
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Samples evaluated: Company A, n=34; Company B and MEDIAN Diagnostics, n=70 each.
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IFA comparison results
Excellent clinical performance compared with IFA (immunofluorescence assay)
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Clinical sensitivity
93.3%
125/134 · Based on 134 IFA-positive serum samples
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Clinical specificity
97.4%
114/117 · Based on 117 IFA-negative serum samples
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Correlation with IFA
R² = 0.96
Coefficient of determination (R²)
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Analytical sensitivity · Limit of detection
1:20
Detects antibodies in samples with IFA titers as low as 1:20 for both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2.
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* Specificity evaluation: field samples from Korean sow farms and specific pathogen-free (SPF) minipigs.
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VDx® / PRODUCT GUIDE
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MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
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PRRSV PCR portfolio
From viral RNA detection to differentiation of PRRSV-1 (EU), PRRSV-2 (NA) and NADC34-like PRRSV, choose a PCR assay that fits your testing needs.
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REAL-TIME RT-PCR
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4 assays
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VDx® PRRSV qRT-PCR
Simultaneous differentiation of PRRSV-1 (EU) and PRRSV-2 (NA)
Specimens · Whole blood, serum, semen and tissue homogenates
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NS-PRR-31 · 96 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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VDx® PRRSV NA/EU & NADC34-like qRT-PCR
Simultaneous detection and differentiation of PRRSV-1 (EU), PRRSV-2 (NA) and NADC34-like PRRSV
Specimens · Whole blood, tissue homogenates (lung, tonsil, spleen, lymph nodes, etc.), and cell culture fluid
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NS-PRR-33 · 96 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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VDx® HP-PRRSV qRT-PCR Ver 1.1
Simultaneous differentiation of PRRSV-1 (EU), PRRSV-2 (NA) and highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV)
Specimens · Whole blood, serum, tissue samples, etc.
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NS-PRR-32 · 96 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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VDx® PRRSV/PCV2 qRT-PCR
Differentiation of PRRSV-1 (EU) and PRRSV-2 (NA), with simultaneous detection of PCV2
Specimens · Whole blood, serum, semen and tissue homogenates
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NS-PRP-31 · 96 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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CONVENTIONAL RT-PCR · NESTED PCR
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3 assays
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VDx® PRRSV ORF7 RT-PCR
Simultaneous amplification of ORF7 targets from PRRSV-1 (EU) and PRRSV-2 (NA)
Specimens · Whole blood, serum, plasma, semen and tissue
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NS-PRR-11 · 50 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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VDx® PRRSV NA/EU Typing Nested PCR
Second-round PCR using first-round PCR products
Input · First-round PRRSV RT-PCR products
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NS-PRR-12 · 50 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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VDx® PRRSV HP MP RT-PCR
Detection of PRRSV-1 (EU), PRRSV-2 (NA) and Chinese HP-PRRSV
Specimens · Whole blood, serum, plasma, semen and tissue
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NS-PRR-13 · 50 tests/box
VIEW MORE ↗
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PRODUCT INQUIRY
Find the right PRRS diagnostic assay
Tell us your testing objective and sample type. Our team will help you select a suitable product.
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STAY CONNECTED
The latest from MEDIAN Diagnostics
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MEDIAN Diagnostics Inc.
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HEAD OFFICE
878, Sunhwan-daero, Dongnae-myeon,
Chuncheon-si, Gangwon State, Republic of Korea
Tel. +82-33-244-0100
Fax. +82-33-244-4634
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SEOUL OFFICE
C-1114, SK V1 GL Metrocity,
128, Beobwon-ro, Songpa-gu, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
Tel. +82-2-3401-0110 · Fax. +82-2-3401-0112
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median@mediandx.com · VISIT OUR WEBSITE ↗
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© 2026 MEDIAN Diagnostics. All rights reserved.
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